The Infertility usually occurs due to various abnormalities in the organs of the reproductive system. altering the reproductive process. There are different types of infertility, both in women and men: ovarian, fallopian tube, cervical, genetic and male factor. In the women the cervical factor it occurs in between 5% and 12% of cases where pregnancy does not occur.
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What is Female Cervical Factor Infertility?
Female infertility due to cervical factor is the result of anatomical or functional changes in the cervix or cervical mucus.
One of the main functions of the cervix, or cervix, is to allow sperm to enter or be retained in the uterine cavity. If he Cervical canal has an obstruction or abnormality, can affect the passage of the male reproductive cell to the egg and prevent fertilization.
Conditions that produce this type of infertility
Conditions leading to infertility due to the cervical factor can be divided into two types: anatomical and functional.
- The anatomical changes They are produced by obstructions in the cervix, while functional ones are due to fluctuations in cervical mucus. The most common anatomical diseases include:
birth defect: A Müllerian variant can cause defects such as cervical duplication or Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome, which are the most commonly found.
cervical polyps: They are usually benign growths of uterine tissue. Polyps are located at the end of the cervix and at the beginning of the uterus. The most common causes include: the hormonal surge, pelvic disease, or blockage of blood vessels in the area.
cervical fibroids: are tumors formed by muscle tissue. The difference between the Polyps and fibroids is that the latter can reach a larger size. In addition, cervical fibroids can become infected and lead to other problems.
Consequences of pelvic surgery: Surgical interventions sometimes physiologically alter the reproductive organs, and adhesions can also occur due to scarring.
- As for that Causes by functional changeare often found hormonal imbalances and sexually transmitted diseases (HOURS). These conditions cause changes in the consistency of cervical mucus, making it harder for sperm to enter the uterus.
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How Is Cervical Factor Infertility Diagnosed?
If the woman has constant abnormal bleeding, vaginal discharge, or vaginal infections, she is likely to have cervical disease. To confirm or rule out the presence of a cervical abnormality, the specialist may recommend one of the following tests:
- postcoital test: The condition of the cervical mucus is analyzed when it interacts with the sperm. For example the degree of acidity and the consistency.
- Cervical Patency Test: It serves to exclude an obstruction of the cervix by inserting a small cannula.
- hysteroscopy: With this test it is possible to confirm the presence of fibroids or cervical polyps that affect their proper functioning.
How to get pregnant if you have cervical changes
Although it is possible to achieve pregnancy if you have one Cervical cancer, the success rate can be very low. In cases where greater success is sought, assisted reproduction is used.
Like any other type of infertility, Choice of treatments of assisted reproduction to a pregnancy It depends on the causes of this infertility.
- Artificial insemination: This assisted reproductive technique is recommended when there are anatomical changes in the cervix. Since the sperm are inserted directly into the uterine cavity using a cannula, it is not necessary for the sperm to come into contact with the cervix.
- In vitro fertilization: When the infertility is caused by a functional change such as a hormonal problem, in vitro fertilization is the ideal procedure as there may be a problem with the release of eggs. Thus, the egg is removed and fertilized outside the uterus, ensuring the interaction between both reproductive cells.
Although revision of the cervix during pelvic exams is not common, it is important to request a test to rule out abnormalities that affect female fertility. If you are trying to get pregnant and have infertility problemsDon’t worry, today it is possible to achieve this with the help of assisted reproduction techniques.
